EUROPE (EU) The fitting of oxygen firebreaks is installations across Europe under the Medical Device Directive (MDD) Home oxygen fire deaths underreported. Complete data not available. a requirement for home oxygen and Medical Device Regulation (MDR). GERMANY Firebreaks have been mandatory Home oxygen fire deaths underreported. Complete data not available. since 2012. UK Firebreaks have been in 2006 Home oxygen fire deaths Home Oxygen Service per 100,000 patients: 0.34* mandatory since the introduction of the *Only one home oxygen fire death recorded in 5 years. Source: National Health Service Health Service WORLD The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends 'firebreak connectors to stop the oxygen flow in the event of fire' in all oxygen concentrators. Thermal fuses Administration Around 100 home oxygen all Veterans Health represents 6.6* per 100,000 mandatory among *Fatality figures are best estimates based on oxygen patients fire deaths each year, which (firebreaks) are (VA) patients. media reports. US JAPAN Firebreaks are mandatory Firebreaks are part-mandatory Firebreaks in use Japan is introducing Home oxygen fire deaths by 2021. per 100,000 patients: 3.3* legislation to make firebreaks mandatory *Source: Japanese Medical Gas Association